Istilah kunci dalam survei profesional dan teknologi geospasial.
HDOP ay ang isang sukatan ng geometric na kalidad ng satellite geometry para sa horizontal na positioning accuracy sa GPS surveying.
A dynamic correction system that eliminates vessel motion artifacts (heave, pitch, and roll) from survey measurements in marine and hydrographic applications.
The measurement of horizontal angles using the graduated circle of a surveying instrument positioned in a horizontal plane.
A reference surface or coordinate system established for measuring water depths, elevations, and positions in marine and hydrographic surveying operations.
The systematic measurement and mapping of water bodies, their depths, currents, and physical characteristics for navigation and safety purposes.