Γλωσσάριο

Βασικοί όροι στη δημοσιογραφική τοπογραφία και τη γεωχωρική τεχνολογία.

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robotic total station

An automated surveying instrument that combines electronic distance measurement, angle measurement, and motorized positioning capabilities for efficient field data collection.

RTK

RTK yä sayanç älkäräwläreneñ pozitsiyasın santimetr töwelekeş anıqlaymäs üçen bazä stantsiyasından radio signalları qollanıw usulı.

RTK Drone

A drone equipped with Real-Time Kinematic positioning technology that achieves centimeter-level accuracy for surveying and mapping applications.

RTK GNSS Positioning

Real-Time Kinematic GNSS positioning is a surveying technique that uses satellite signals and ground-based reference stations to achieve centimeter-level accuracy in real-time.

rtk tide

A real-time kinematic surveying method that corrects GPS/GNSS measurements using tidal data to improve vertical accuracy in coastal and marine surveying applications.

rtx

Rtx ys a teknoloji platformu dat enables real-time raytracing Graphics processing para sa advanced visual rendering applications.

satellite constellation

A group of satellites working together in coordinated orbits to provide continuous global coverage and services.

SBAS

SBAS ay isang satellite-based augmentation system na nagpapahusay ng accuracy ng GPS positioning para sa surveying at navigation applications.

Scale Factor

A numerical multiplier used in surveying to convert distances measured on maps, plans, or in field surveys to their true ground dimensions or vice versa.

scan resolution

The level of detail or precision at which a scanner captures spatial data, typically measured in dots per inch (DPI) or points per unit distance.

Scan to BIM

The process of converting laser scan or photogrammetry data into Building Information Models for construction and facility management.

Scene Software

Software designed to create, manage, and render virtual 3D environments and digital scenes for various applications.

sfm

Structore from Motion (SfM) est une teknik imaging 3D ki photograft banyak-banyak dari obyek ambil dari angle berbeda para konstruk model 3D otomatis.

shapefile

A digital file format used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to store geometric location and attribute information of geographic features.

Side-Scan Sonar

A hydrographic surveying instrument that uses acoustic signals to create detailed two-dimensional images of underwater surfaces and features by transmitting sonar beams perpendicular to the vessel's direction of travel.

Singlebeam Echo Sounder

A hydrographic surveying instrument that emits a single acoustic beam to measure water depth by calculating the time delay of reflected sound waves from the seafloor.

Sound Velocity Profile

A measurement of how sound speed varies with water depth, essential for accurate underwater positioning and bathymetric surveying.

Spatial Resolution

The ability of a surveying instrument or system to distinguish between closely spaced objects or features on the Earth's surface.

stakeout

The process of marking and establishing precise locations on the ground according to surveyed coordinates and design plans.

stakeout survey

A surveying process that involves marking and locating specific points on the ground according to predetermined design coordinates and plans.

Standard Deviation

A measure of how spread out data points are from the average value in a dataset.

State Plane Coordinates

A system of map projections used in the United States that divides each state into zones with unique coordinate grids for accurate surveying and mapping.

Static GNSS

A surveying technique that uses Global Navigation Satellite System receivers positioned stationary at survey points to determine precise three-dimensional coordinates.

Structure from Motion

A photogrammetric technique that reconstructs three-dimensional structures from a sequence of two-dimensional images taken from different viewpoints.

Sub-Bottom Profiler

A geophysical instrument that uses acoustic waves to image sediment layers and subsurface geological structures beneath water bodies.

Subdivision

The division of a parcel of land into two or more smaller lots for purposes of development, sale, or transfer.

Survey Master

A senior surveying professional responsible for overseeing survey operations, quality control, and team coordination in major surveying projects.

SVP - Sound Velocity Profile Correction

A hydrographic surveying correction applied to acoustic depth measurements that accounts for variations in sound velocity through water layers of different temperatures, salinity, and pressure.

systematic error

Consistent measurement errors that occur in the same direction and magnitude, caused by instrument calibration issues, environmental factors, or procedural flaws.

Tablet Survey

A surveying method using portable tablet devices to collect, record, and visualize spatial data in the field with real-time accuracy and efficiency.

tacheometry

Tacheometry is a surveying method that uses a tacheometer instrument to measure distances and angles simultaneously for rapid field surveying.

Terrestrial Laser Scanning

A surveying technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances and create three-dimensional point clouds of terrain, structures, and objects from a fixed ground position.

theodolite

A precision optical instrument used in surveying to measure angles and distances for mapping and construction purposes.

Theodolite Angle Measurement

The process of measuring horizontal and vertical angles using a theodolite instrument in surveying and construction work.

Tidal Prediction Surveying

A specialized surveying methodology that utilizes predicted tidal data to establish accurate vertical datums and reference levels for coastal and marine surveying operations.

Tide Gauge Surveying

A specialized surveying method that measures vertical water level changes in tidal waters to establish accurate datum references and monitor coastal elevation changes.

Tilt Compensation

A surveying technique that corrects measurements for the effects of instrument tilt or inclination from vertical during field operations.

Time of Flight

A measurement technique that calculates distance by determining the duration light or sound takes to travel to an object and return.

TIN - Triangulated Irregular Network

A vector-based digital surface model that represents terrain using a network of non-overlapping triangles formed from irregularly distributed survey points.

tolerance

The allowable deviation or range of acceptable variation from a specified measurement or standard in surveying work.

Topcon Magnet

A magnetic attachment system used in surveying and construction to secure instruments and reflectors to metal surfaces on equipment and structures.

Topo Map

A detailed map showing the three-dimensional shape of the land surface using contour lines to represent elevation changes.

Topographic BIM Model

A three-dimensional digital representation of terrain and site features integrated into Building Information Modeling systems for comprehensive project planning and design coordination.

topographic survey

A comprehensive measurement and mapping of the Earth's surface features including elevation, terrain, and natural and artificial structures.

Total Station

A total station is an electronic surveying instrument that combines a theodolite, electronic distance meter, and computer to measure angles and distances for mapping and construction purposes.

Total Station Setup

The process of positioning, leveling, and calibrating a total station instrument at a survey point to establish accurate measurements.

Transverse Mercator

A conformal map projection that orients the Mercator cylinder transversely to the equator, providing accurate representations of areas along a chosen central meridian.

traverse

A surveying method involving a series of connected survey lines with measured distances and angles to establish coordinates of points.

triangulation

A surveying method that establishes positions of points by measuring angles in a network of triangles.

tribrach

A three-legged surveying instrument stand used to support and stabilize surveying equipment at precise locations.

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