Glosarium

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A spherical retroreflective prism used in surveying that reflects light back to its source from any angle, enabling measurements from multiple directions.

A Building Information Modeling methodology that integrates time-based scheduling with three-dimensional spatial models to visualize and optimize construction sequences and phasing.

A comprehensive surveying methodology integrating three-dimensional spatial data, time scheduling, and cost estimation within Building Information Modeling to generate accurate project valuations and financial forecasts.

Software khusus untuk fotogrametri digital yang mengubah foto overlapping menjadi model 3D presisi tinggi untuk keperluan survei dan pemetaan.

A remote sensing technology that uses laser pulses from aircraft to measure distances and create detailed topographic maps of the Earth's surface.

An alta survey is a detailed property survey that meets the American Land Title Association standards for title insurance purposes.

The process of determining the correct interpretation when multiple valid meanings or solutions exist in surveying measurements and data.

Angular accuracy refers to the degree of precision and correctness with which angles are measured in surveying operations.

The point in an antenna where the phase of the transmitted or received signal is effectively concentrated for measurement purposes.

ArcGIS adalah platform perangkat lunak sistem informasi geografis (GIS) terpadu yang dikembangkan oleh Esri untuk menangkap, menganalisis, dan memvisualisasikan data spasial.

A technical drawing that documents the actual physical characteristics and location of constructed features as they were built, often differing from original design plans.

A detailed survey conducted after construction or renovation to document the actual physical dimensions, locations, and specifications of completed structures and improvements.

ASCII format adalah standar pertukaran data teks yang menggunakan kode numerik 7-bit untuk mewakili karakter alphanumerik dan simbol dalam survei dan pemetaan digital.

The process of adjusting surveying measurements to account for the effects of Earth's atmosphere on electromagnetic signals and light propagation.

Atr esa unidade de medida angular utilizada em levantamentos topográficos para determinar direções e ângulos horizontais.

AutoCAD Civil 3D adalah perangkat lunak desain infrastruktur berbasis 3D yang dirancang khusus untuk surveyor, insinyur sipil, dan profesional desain jalan.

An unmanned, self-propelled submarine vehicle capable of independent underwater navigation and data collection without real-time human control.

The horizontal angle measured clockwise from north to a point or direction in surveying and navigation.

A measured line of known length and position used as the foundation for surveying and mapping operations.

A bathymetric survey is the systematic measurement and mapping of underwater depths and seafloor topography to create detailed charts of water bodies.

The measurement and mapping of underwater depths and features of water bodies.

Ang direksyon ng isang linya na sinusukat mula sa reference direction sa surveying at navigation.

A fixed reference point of known elevation used in surveying to establish accurate vertical measurements and control networks.

BIM ay isang digital na representasyon ng pisikal at functional na katangian ng isang proyekto na ginagamit sa konstruksyon at real estate.

The process of incorporating precise survey data into Building Information Modeling systems to create accurate digital representations of built environments.

A two-legged support structure used in surveying to stabilize instruments and equipment during field measurements.

A method of data collection and spatial analysis using Bluetooth signal strength and device detection to map proximity patterns and movement flows in surveyed environments.

A significant error or mistake in surveying measurements, calculations, or procedures that is typically caused by carelessness, misunderstanding, or equipment malfunction rather than random measurement variation.

A disagreement between adjacent property owners or jurisdictions regarding the location, extent, or ownership of a shared boundary line.

A cadastral survey is the systematic measurement and mapping of land parcels to establish legal boundaries and property ownership for administrative and taxation purposes.

A comprehensive public record system that documents the extent, value, and ownership of land parcels within a jurisdiction.

A surveying technique that removes vegetation canopy data from LiDAR point clouds to reveal ground surface elevations.

A protective container designed to safely transport and store surveying instruments and equipment.

The art and science of creating maps to represent geographical features and spatial relationships on Earth's surface.

A centralized, managed information repository that facilitates collaborative access to project data, documents, and models among all surveying and construction stakeholders throughout a project lifecycle.

A reference meridian used in map projections to minimize distortion by serving as the central line of longitude for a projection zone.

The water level reference surface used on nautical charts to ensure safe navigation and accurate depth measurements.

A marked location of known position used to verify the accuracy of surveying measurements and equipment calibration.

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables by comparing observed and expected frequencies.

Chm is a compiled help file format used for displaying documentation and assistance information in software applications.

A specialized surveying methodology that identifies spatial conflicts and interferences between building elements, infrastructure components, and utility systems before construction begins.

The discrepancy between the starting and ending points of a surveyed traverse or polygon, indicating accumulated measurement inaccuracies.

CloudCompare is an open-source software application designed for processing, visualizing, and analyzing 3D point clouds and triangulated meshes.

COGO is a computer system used in surveying to calculate coordinates and distances based on bearings, angles, and traverse data.

A systematic error in surveying instruments where the line of sight does not coincide with the optical axis, causing inaccurate measurements.

A range of values that likely contains the true population parameter based on sample data.

A system of precisely positioned points established across a survey area to provide accurate reference coordinates for all subsequent surveying and mapping work.

A framework of reference lines or axes used to precisely locate and identify positions of points on Earth's surface or in space.

A point where two or more property lines, boundaries, or survey lines meet at an angle.