Glosarium

A surveying technique combining Real-Time Kinematic GNSS positioning with tidal data corrections to achieve high-precision measurements in coastal and tidal zone applications.

RTK無人機是配備實時動態定位技術的無人航空測量系統，能在厘米級精度進行地理空間數據採集。

Teknolohiya sa real-time ray tracing na gumagamit ng hardware acceleration para sa mas realistic na graphics rendering.

A coordinated group of satellites orbiting Earth in a planned arrangement to provide continuous global coverage for communications, navigation, or Earth observation.

SBAS ay isang satellite-based augmentation system na nagpapahusay ng accuracy ng GPS positioning para sa surveying at navigation applications.

A numerical multiplier used in surveying to convert ground distances to map distances or to adjust measurements for projection distortions.

The level of detail or precision at which a surveying instrument captures spatial data during scanning operations.

A surveying process that converts 3D laser scan data into a structured Building Information Model for design and construction documentation.

Scene software refers to digital tools and applications used to capture, process, and visualize spatial data from surveying measurements and observations.

Skurkja fotogrametrike mikste, ose sistemi i matjes tre-dimensionale permes fotografive dixhitale te marra nga kamera.

A digital vector data format used in geographic information systems (GIS) to store geometric location and attribute information of geographic features.

An acoustic imaging system that uses sonar transducers mounted on the sides of a survey vessel to create detailed two-dimensional images of the seafloor and underwater features.

A hydrographic surveying instrument that uses a single acoustic beam to measure water depth and seafloor characteristics by transmitting sound waves and recording their echo returns.

Skala peta adalah perbandingan antara jarak pada peta dengan jarak sebenarnya di permukaan bumi yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk rasio, pecahan, atau pernyataan verbal.

A graphical representation of how sound velocity changes with water depth, essential for accurate underwater distance and position measurements in hydrographic surveys.

The ability to distinguish between two closely spaced objects or features in a surveyed area, typically measured as the smallest distance that can be resolved.

The process of marking and establishing precise locations on the ground based on survey plans and design coordinates.

A surveying procedure that establishes and marks specific points on the ground to guide construction projects according to design plans.

A measure of how spread out data points are from the average value in a dataset.

Standarde të përcaktuara që përcaktojnë nivelet e pranueshme të gabimit dhe saktësisë në matjet dhe anketat gjeodezike.

A coordinate system used in surveying that divides the United States into zones with their own map projections to minimize distortion for local surveys.

A surveying method that uses stationary GNSS receivers to determine precise coordinates of fixed points on Earth's surface.

A photogrammetric technique that reconstructs three-dimensional structures from a sequence of two-dimensional images taken from different viewpoints.

A marine geophysical instrument that uses acoustic sound waves to image subsurface geological layers beneath the seafloor for bathymetric and geological surveying.

The process of dividing a larger parcel of land into smaller, legally defined lots for development or sale.

A correction applied to acoustic survey measurements accounting for variations in sound velocity through water columns of different temperatures, salinity, and pressure.

A consistent bias in measurements that causes results to deviate in the same direction from true values.

A surveying method using a plane table and alidade to directly plot survey data onto paper in the field.

A surveying method that uses a tacheometer to measure distances and elevations rapidly by observing a graduated staff through an optical instrument.

A surveying technology that uses laser pulses to measure distances and create detailed 3D models of land, buildings, and objects from a fixed ground position.

A precision optical instrument used in surveying to measure angles and distances for mapping and construction purposes.

The process of measuring horizontal and vertical angles using a theodolite instrument in surveying and construction applications.

A specialized surveying method using instruments to measure and record vertical water level changes over time for datum establishment and coastal surveys.

A surveying technique that corrects for instrument inclination to ensure accurate horizontal and vertical measurements.

The measurement of the duration it takes for a signal or pulse to travel from a transmitter to an object and back to a receiver.

A vector-based digital surface model that represents terrain using a network of non-overlapping triangles formed from irregularly distributed survey points.

The allowable limit of variation in measurements or dimensions from a specified standard value in surveying work.

Topcon Magnet is a sophisticated surveying software platform that integrates field data collection with office-based processing and analysis for construction and land surveying projects.

A detailed map showing terrain elevation and surface features using contour lines and symbols.

A three-dimensional digital representation of terrain and surface features integrated with Building Information Modeling principles for comprehensive site analysis and design coordination.

A detailed measurement and mapping of the Earth's surface features including elevation, terrain, and natural/artificial structures.

A total station is an electronic surveying instrument that measures angles and distances to determine the positions of points on the Earth's surface.

The process of preparing and positioning a total station instrument at a survey point to establish measurements and collect spatial data.

A conformal map projection where the cylinder is rotated 90 degrees to touch the Earth along a meridian rather than the equator.

A surveying method that establishes a series of connected points and angles to map an area or determine positions.

A surveying method that establishes positions of points by measuring angles and distances within a network of triangles.

A three-legged surveying instrument stand used to support and level surveying equipment in the field.

A surveying method that uses trigonometric calculations and measured angles to determine elevation differences between points.

A surveying method that determines the position of a point by measuring distances from three or more known reference points.

Trimble Business Center is a geospatial software platform designed for surveying, mapping, and civil engineering professionals to process, manage, and visualize field data collected from GNSS receivers and other surveying instruments.