Thuật ngữ

A comprehensive measurement and assessment of the ground conditions, site characteristics, and structural requirements necessary for establishing a safe and stable building foundation.

A surveying method where an instrument is set up at any convenient location not necessarily on a survey line, using resection to determine its position.

Galileo is the European Union's global navigation satellite system that provides precise positioning, navigation, and timing services for surveying and mapping applications worldwide.

GCP ay ang abbreviation para sa Ground Control Point, na mga kilalang lokasyon sa lupa na ginagamit sa surveying at mapping para sa reference at validation.

Titik referensi geografis yang diketahui dengan presisi tinggi, digunakan sebagai dasar untuk kalibrasi dan validasi survei, pemetaan, dan data geospasial lainnya.

GDOP ay isang sukatan ng geometric na kalidad ng mga satellite na ginagamit sa GPS na pagsusukat na nakakaapekto sa katumpakan ng posisyon.

Teknolohiya na gumagamit ng GPS o iba pang lokasyon-based sistema upang lumikha ng virtual na hangganan sa paligid ng isang partikular na heograpikong lugar.

The vertical distance between the geoid and the reference ellipsoid at any given point on Earth's surface.

Geomatics is the discipline of gathering, storing, processing, and delivering geographic information and spatial data using modern technology and scientific methods.

The process of aligning and transforming geospatial data to match a known coordinate system and map projection.

The process of assigning geographic coordinates to spatial data such as maps, images, or datasets to establish their precise location on Earth.

Information about physical locations and features on Earth's surface, referenced to geographic coordinates.

GeoTIFF is a standard image format that embeds geographic and cartographic information directly within TIFF files for spatial data representation.

A pivoted support that allows an object to rotate freely in any direction, commonly used in surveying instruments to maintain horizontal orientation.

Sistem informasi geografis yang mengintegrasikan data spasial dengan teknologi komputer untuk analisis dan visualisasi peta digital.

Global Navigation Satellite System na gumagamit ng mga satellite para sa posisyon, bilis, at oras na determinasyon.

GNSS signal processing refers to the techniques and algorithms used to acquire, track, and decode signals from Global Navigation Satellite Systems to determine precise position, velocity, and time.

GNSS天线是接收全球导航卫星系统信号的专用天线装置，用于测量和定位应用中捕获和转换卫星信号。

GPS ay isang pandaigdigang sistemang gumagamit ng mga satellite upang matukoy ang eksaktong lokasyon at posisyon ng mga punto sa Earth.

A continuous count of weeks since January 6, 1980, used as the primary time reference system in Global Positioning System measurements and surveying applications.

The process of establishing and maintaining precise elevation references to ensure construction projects meet specified vertical design requirements.

Ground filtering is a data processing technique used in surveying to remove non-ground points from LiDAR point clouds, isolating terrain elevation data.

GRS80 is the Geodetic Reference System of 1980, an international standard ellipsoid used as the basis for geodetic surveys and mapping worldwide.

GSD ay ang ground sample distance na sumusukat sa spatial resolution ng aerial o satellite imagery sa surveying.

HDOP ay ang sukat ng geometric na kalidad ng satellite geometry para sa horizontal na positioning sa GPS surveying.

A dynamic correction system that counteracts vessel or platform motion in six degrees of freedom to maintain survey instrument accuracy during marine and airborne surveying operations.

The angle measured between two lines or directions in a horizontal plane, typically used in surveying to determine the relative positions of points.

The measurement of horizontal angles using the graduated circle on a surveying instrument.

A reference surface or vertical plane established for measuring water depths, tidal elevations, and marine survey data in relation to a standardized baseline.

A systematic measurement and mapping of water bodies including depths, currents, and underwater features for navigation and engineering purposes.

ICP (Iterative Closest Point) is a fundamental point cloud registration algorithm that aligns two 3D datasets by iteratively finding closest point pairs and minimizing their distances.

ICP adalah algoritma yang digunakan untuk menyelaraskan dua awan titik 3D dengan menemukan transformasi geometrik yang meminimalkan jarak antara titik-titik yang sesuai.

IFC ay isang international standard para sa digital na pagbabahagi ng impormasyon sa industriya ng konstruksyon at real estate.

An open international standard data model for sharing building and construction information across different software platforms and disciplines.

International standards established by the International Hydrographic Organization that define specifications for hydrographic surveys, data quality, and nautical chart production.

The process of determining the correct whole number of wavelengths in carrier phase measurements for precise GNSS positioning.

The measure of the strength or magnitude of a physical quantity or phenomenon at a specific location or point in space.

A surveying method that determines the position of a point by measuring angles from two or more known reference stations.

Iono free is a surveying technique that eliminates ionospheric delays in GNSS measurements by using dual-frequency receivers to calculate and remove the ionospheric effect on signals.

The time delay experienced by electromagnetic signals as they propagate through the ionosphere, affecting GNSS positioning accuracy.

ISO 17123 is an international standard that specifies methods for testing and evaluating the accuracy and performance of surveying instruments used in land surveying and construction.

International standards governing the management of information for building information modeling projects throughout their lifecycle.

A real-time surveying technique using Global Navigation Satellite System signals to determine precise positions of moving or stationary points with centimeter-level accuracy.

KML (Keyhole Markup Language) is an XML-based format for encoding geographic data, while KMZ is its compressed archive version used in surveying and GIS applications.

Xətti tikili və infrastruktur layihələri üçün ərazinin uzun, dar zolaqlarının təfərrüatlı topoqrafik və coğrafi məlumatlarının toplanması prosesi.

GPS频率bands used in modern surveying for enhanced positioning accuracy and reliability.

A conic map projection that preserves area while maintaining relatively accurate shape representation for mid-latitude regions.

A legal document that establishes ownership and property rights of real estate.

Formato de archivo estándar utilizado en levantamientos topográficos para almacenar datos de nubes de puntos tridimensionales capturados por tecnología LiDAR.

LAS is a public file format for storing three-dimensional point cloud data acquired by LiDAR sensors used in surveying and mapping applications.